Ilizwe lee-smartphones ze-Android yindawo yokulwa eqinisekileyo. Ngaphaya kosukuzwano olungunaphakade kunye ne-iOS, kukho impikiswano eshushu ngokulinganayo kuluntu ngokwalo: Ngaba kungcono ukuya kwi-Android ecocekileyo okanye ifowuni enomaleko wokwenza ngokwezifiso? Abavelisi abavela kwihlabathi liphela balwela ukuzahlula kwaye bakuqinisekise ngezibonelelo zokwenza iinkqubo zabo ngokwezifiso, ngelixa abanye abasebenzisi bexabisa ukucoceka kunye nolwelo olunikezelwa yinkqubo yesiseko yeGoogle.
Kweli nqaku uya kuntywila kuwo omabini amazwe, ukuqonda ngokweenkcukacha Yintoni i-Android ecocekileyo, yintoni imigangatho yokwenza ngokwezifiso ibonelela, yintoni amandla ayo kunye nobuthathaka?, kunye nokufumanisa okulungileyo kunye nokungalunganga kokhetho ngalunye ukuze ukwazi ukugqiba ukuba yeyiphi eyona ikufaneleyo. Nokuba uyi-techie, umsebenzisi ophambili, okanye umntu ofuna nje ifowuni yakhe isebenze kakuhle: nasi esona sikhokelo sibanzi, sihlaziywa ngawo onke amava afunyenwe ngabasebenzi beshishini kunye nabasebenzisi bazo zonke iiprofayili.
Yintoni i-Android ecocekileyo kwaye yintoni imigangatho yokwenza ngokwezifiso?
Masiqale ekuqaleni. Icocekile ye-android (ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa "stock" okanye "base") yinguqulelo ephuhliswe nguGoogle kwaye eyilelwe ukusebenza jikelele kuso nasiphi na isixhobo esihambelanayo. Amandla ayo aphambili anikezela ngamava acocekileyo, ngaphandle kokongezwa okanye ukuphazamiseka., njengaleyo unokuyifumana kwii-smartphones zePixel zikaGoogle, iimodeli ezithile zeNokia, i-Motorola (enokongeza kancinci) okanye i-Nexus yasentsomini.
Kwelinye icala, yintoni eyaziwa ngokuba Uluhlu lokwenza ngokwezifiso Yiseti yohlengahlengiso, izongezo zegraphical, kunye nemisebenzi ekhethekileyo eyenziwa ngumenzi ngamnye ngaphezulu kwe-Android esulungekileyo ukuzahlula kwabanye. Ezi maleko zivumela iibrendi ukuba zenze ezazo isazisi, zongeza yonke into ukusuka kwii-icon ezizodwa kunye neemenyu ukuya kwizixhobo ezihamba ngaphaya kokubandakanya uGoogle njengomgangatho.
Ngaloo ndlela, Ayizizo zonke ii-Android ezifanayoKuxhomekeke kwi-brand, ifowuni yakho inokutshintsha kakhulu inkangeleko, umbutho, kunye nobuchule, nokuba zombini iimodeli zine-Android 14 phantsi kwe-hood. Kulapho iintlobo ezininzi ze-ecosystem ye-Android zingena khona, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, omnye wemithombo yayo emikhulu yeengxoxo.
Kutheni kukho iileya ezilungelelanisiweyo?
El imvelaphi yolungelelwaniso lweeleya Ibuyela emva kwiintsuku zokuqala ze-Android. UGoogle unikeze isiseko esiluqilima, kodwa ngeentsilelo kunye noyilo oluthile lwe-spartan. Abavelisi basebenzise ithuba loku bhetyebhetye ukongeza iimpawu ezingaqukwanga yinkqubo yokuqala., ezinje ngetethering, usetyenziso lwehardware, okanye izinto ezikhethekileyo ezibavumele ukuba bagqame kukhuphiswano.
Ngelo xesha, kwakuqhelekile ukuba abantu bakhangele ezinye iiROM ukuze badanyazise iimpawu ezingcono, kunye neengqimba zamagqala ezifana ne-Xiaomi's MIUI, i-Samsung's TouchWiz endala (ngoku eyi-UI enye), kunye ne-EMUI yeHuawei. Nganye inobuntu bayo, indlela yayo yokulungelelanisa iimenyu, kunye nee-apps ezakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, i-Android iye yavela kwaye yaphelela ngakumbi ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Nangona kunjalo, iileya azizange zinyamalale. Namhlanje bayaqhubeka nokudlala indima ephambili ekwahluleni izixhobo, kwaye nangona amava asisiseko elingana kakhulu, Kukho abavelisi abakhetha ukwenza ngokwezifiso zonke iinkcukacha zokugqibela kunye nabanye abakhetha ukugcina ubume obucocekileyo bukaGoogle..
Awona maleko athandwayo ngokwezifiso: uthelekiso kunye neempawu
Imarike igcwele iinketho, kodwa ezinye iileya zivelele ngenxa yempembelelo yazo kunye nokuvela kwazo. Makhe sijonge ngakumbi abona bamele kakhulu kunye neempawu zabo ezithile:
Samsung OneUI
Umaleko we-Samsung udlule kwizigaba ezininzi, ukusuka kwi-TouchWiz egxekwayo kwaye ilayishwe kakhulu ukuya kweyangoku nesebenzayo. Enye i-UI. Amandla ayo ngala:
- Ukudityaniswa ngokupheleleyo ne-Samsung ecosystem (umabonwakude, iiwotshi, iitafile…)
- Imowudi emnyama ekwinqanaba eliphezulu hayi kwii -apps zomthonyama kuphela, kodwa nakwii-apps zomntu wesithathu
- I-Samsung DeX: Guqula i-smartphone yakho ibe yikhompyuter yedesktop
- Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ze-S Pen kwiimodeli ezihambelanayo, ezilungele imveliso
- Ulawulo oluphezulu lwebhetri kunye neeapps zangasemva
I-UI enye iye yavela kwi-interface eyenzelwe ukusetyenziswa ngesandla esinye, ukwenza lula iimenyu kunye nokuphucula ukusetyenziswa, nangona ithatha indawo enkulu yokugcina indawo ngenxa yazo zonke izongezo zayo. Ukusebenza kuhlala kuphezulu kuluhlu lweprimiyamu, kodwa kunokubandezeleka kwiimodeli zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali..
I-MIUI ye-Xiaomi kunye ne-HyperOS
I-Xiaomi iqhayisa ngokwenza ngokwezifiso kunye MIUI, kwaye kutsha nje nge HyperOS. Ibonakaliswa ngu:
- Ukhetho olungenasiphelo lokwenziwa ngokwezifiso (imixholo, ii-icon, iiwijethi, iziko lolawulo…)
- Izixhobo ezizodwa: Isishicileli sesikrini, iifestile ezidadayo, isicoci senkqubo, iziko lolawulo lwesimbo se-iOS
- Ukulungiswa kwebhetri ngeeprofayili zokusetyenziswa, imowudi yokugcina egqithisileyo kunye nolawulo olukrelekrele lokutshaja ebusuku
- Ukuziqhelanisa nencasa yomsebenzisi, nangona ngamanye amaxesha ivakalelwa kukuba igcwele iinketho kunye noyilo olwahluke kakhulu kwi-Android ecocekileyo
- Kwiinguqulelo zangaphambili ifunyenwe Ukugxekwa kwe-bloatware kunye nobukho beentengiso, nangona uXiaomi eqhubeka nokucokisa le miba
Ukutsibela kwi-HyperOS kuthetha ukulungiswa okubonakalayo okubonakalayo kunye nokuphuculwa kokumanzi, ukuthelekisa ukusebenza kwezinye iileya eziphezulu njenge-UI enye, nangona imiba ethile ikhutshelwe kwi-iOS kunye nokubheja kakhulu ekwenzeni ngokwezifiso kwisikrini sokutshixa kunye nezaziso.
IHuawei EMUI
UHuawei wenze ukuzibophelela okuqinileyo ekwenzeni ngokwezifiso ngokugqithisileyo EMUI, kwaye ngoku isiya kwindlela yayo yeHarmonyOS. Iimpawu zayo ezahlukileyo:
- Imowudi yokomelela ye-Ultra ukolula ibhetri ukuya kumda
- Ukudityaniswa ngokupheleleyo kunye neeNkonzo zeHuawei zeMobile (HMS), ehambisa ngeenkonzo zikaGoogle kwiimarike ezininzi
- Uyilo olusikhumbuza iOS, eneapps zayo eziphinda ezikaGoogle
- Ukhuseleko oluphezulu kunye nokhetho lwabucala
I-EMUI iye yagxekwa ngenxa yobunzima bokufunda kunye nokwazisa utshintsho kwintlangano yezicwangciso kunye nezaziso ezinokudideka kubasebenzisi abajwayele inkqubo eqhelekileyo.
Eminye imigangatho emikhulu: I-ColorOS, i-OxygenOS, i-Funtouch OS, i-realme UI, i-Flyme OS kunye ne-ZenUI
- I-OPPO ColorOS: Ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kakhulu, kugxilwe koopopayi kunye neempawu ezintsha, nangona zisusiwe kumava akudala e-Android.
- I-OxygenOS evela kwi-OnePlus: : Ngaphambili i-benchmark yokucoceka kunye nesantya, ngoku sele ifana ne-UI enye, ifumana iimpawu kodwa ilahlekelwa yinto ethile "yesitokhwe".
- realme UI kunye neFuntouch OS: Zithathwe kwi-ColorOS, zijolise ekwenzeni ngokwezifiso kunye namava olwelo, nganye inezinto zayo ezincinci zokuchukumisa.
- I-Flyme OS (Meizu) kunye neZenUI (ASUS): Iileya ezaziwa ngoyilo lwazo olulodwa, zinqwala ngentloko kwi-iOS kunye nezixhobo ezongezelelweyo, ezixatyiswa kakhulu ngokubanzi eAsia.
Kuzo zonke ezi meko, Iileya zibonelela ngemisebenzi yazo, uyilo oluhlukileyo kunye nezinto eziluncedo ezijolise ekuphuculeni amava, nangona ingxaki yokuphinda-phindwa kwe-app kunye nobunzima bomsebenzisi omtsha ihlala iphindaphindwa..
I-Android ecocekileyo: ukuzibophelela kokulula kunye nesantya
Kwaye uthini malunga Icocekile ye-androidApha injongo ichasene kakhulu: nikezela ngenkqubo ecocekileyo, ekhawulezayo ngaphandle kwezongezo ezingafunekiyoEzona zixhobo zimelayo zi Google Pixel kunye neemodeli ezikhethiweyo ezivela kwaNokia, i-Motorola kunye ne-Essential Phone ekhunjulwa kancinci kunye ne-BQ.
Ezi terminals zibopheleleke ku:
- Ubumanzi obuphezulu kunye nokusebenza, ngokuphepha iileya ezinzima kunye ne-bloatware engadingekile
- Uhlaziyo olukhawulezayo noluphambili, ngakumbi kwiPixel kaGoogle
- Ii-apps ezifakwe ngaphambili ezimbalwa, eshiya indawo yokugcina indawo eninzi kwaye inqande ukuphindaphinda kwemisebenzi
- Ukhuseleko olukhulu kunye nokuzinza, enkosi kwiipetshi ezizenzekelayo kunye nenkxaso ngqo evela kuGoogle
Abanye abagxeki bajonga i-Android esulungekileyo njenge "bland" okanye "isisiseko kakhulu", kodwa kubasebenzisi abaninzi kunokuba kunjalo iseyile engenanto apho wonke umntu wongeza kuphela into ayifunayo, ukuthatha ithuba losetyenziso olukhulu olukhoyo kuDlalo lukaGoogle. Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zePixel (ezinje ngeGoogle Lens, iPixel Launcher, kunye nezixhobo ze-AI) zibonisa ukuba ukwenza ngokwezifiso kunokwenzeka nalapha, kodwa kuhlala kuhlangene kwaye kulula.
Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo kwi-Android esulungekileyo xa ithelekiswa nemigangatho yokwenza ngokwezifiso
Izinto ezilungileyo zesoftware ecocekileyo
- Ubumanzi obukhulu: Ngokungenazo ezongezo ezingeyomfuneko, iselula iphendula ngokukhawuleza kwaye isebenzise izixhobo ezimbalwa.
- Ukuhlaziywa kwangoko: Iimodeli eziqhuba i-Android ecocekileyo zifumana amanqaku amatsha kunye neepatches zokhuseleko kungekudala.
- Ukungabikho (okanye ukuncitshiswa) kwe-bloatware: Ii-apps ezifakwe ngaphambili ezimbalwa zithetha imemori esimahla kunye nokusetyenziswa okungephi okungasemva.
- Ukuhambelana okubonakalayo okukhulu kunye nokubhideka okuncinci kwiimenyu nakwiisetingi.
Ukungalungi kwesoftware yesitokhwe
- Iimpawu ezimbalwa ezisemgangathweni: Ezinye izinto eziluncedo eziphambili zifumaneka kuphela kwiifowuni eziphathwayo ezinecape.
- Unyino kwindlela yokubonwayo: Ukuguqula ii-icon, imixholo okanye oopopayi udinga isiqalisi okanye usetyenziso lwangaphandle.
- Inokuba "dikidiki" kancinci kwabo bafuna amava ahlukeneyo.
- Akukho siqinisekiso sohlaziyo. ngaphandle kweGoogle Pixel, nangona amathuba aphezulu.
Iipros and cons of customization layers
- Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo kunye nezinto eziluncedo, njengedesktop ye-DeX ye-Samsung, i-Motorola's smart gestures, okanye iipaneli eziphambili ze-Xiaomi.
- Ukulungelelaniswa ngcono kwi-hardware, ngakumbi kwiimodeli eziphezulu ezivela kumenzi ngamnye.
- Uyilo lwakho kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kokwenza ngokwezifiso zonke iinkalo zeselfowuni.
- Umngcipheko omkhulu wokudideka ngenxa yeenketho ezininzi okanye utshintsho olumandla malunga noko kuphakanyiswa nguGoogle.
- I-Bloatware kunye nokuphindaphinda kwe-app, ezinciphisa indawo kwaye zinokucothisa izixhobo ezithobekileyo.
- Uhlaziyo olucothayo nolwahlulwe ngakumbi, ekubeni inguqulelo nganye kufuneka ilungelelaniswe kumgangatho othile wophawu ngalunye.
I-Bloatware: Ii-apps ezifakwe ngaphambili: ingxaki okanye inzuzo?
Umxholo ophindaphindiweyo ngulo izicelo ezifakwe ngaphambili (bloatware)Bonke abavelisi, kubandakanya uGoogle, bongeza usetyenziso lwesitokhwe kwiifowuni zabo. Umahluko ophambili kukuba kwi-Android ecocekileyo, uya kuba ne-bloatware ye-Google kuphela (i-Gmail, i-Maps, i-Google Photos, njl.), ngelixa iifowuni ezinolusu lwesiko nazo zongeza ii-apps zazo: i-imeyile, abadlali bomculo, iigalari, njl. Oku kunokuba luncedo kwabo basebenzisa ezo nkonzo, kodwa kudala indawo kunye nemiba yokuphindaphinda ukuba awukwenzi.
Ezinye iileya zikuvumela ukuba ucime ezi apps, kodwa ezinye ezininzi zikuvumela ukuba uzicime.Kwiifowuni eziphantsi kunye neziphakathi, oku kugqiba ukuchaphazela zombini ukugcinwa kunye nokusebenza. Ngaphezu koko, ukuphindaphinda imisebenzi (iikhalenda ezimbini, abaphathi ababini boqhagamshelwano, njl. njl.) kunokubhida kwaye kungafuneki.
Ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso okubonakalayo kunye nokusebenzayo: inzuzo yokwenyani okanye umthombo wokubhideka?
Enye yezona zinto zinomtsalane kakhulu kwii-capes zabo ukukwazi ukutshintsha ngokugqibeleleyo uyilo kunye nolungiselelo lwenkqubo: ii-ayikhoni, imixholo, iimenu zokuhla, idrowa ye-app, indawo yolawulo yezicwangciso ezikhawulezayo... Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokusebenza ngokuchasene nawe ukuba umvelisi wenza nzima kakhulu iimenyu okanye aguqule ubeko lwezicwangciso. Kuqheleke kakhulu ukuba, xa utshintsha iibrendi okanye iiselfowuni, umsebenzisi uvakalelwa kukuba "kufuneka afunde kwakhona" indlela yokusebenzisa inkqubo, into engenzekiyo nge-Android ecocekileyo.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, iimpawu ezinjengobukho okanye ukungabikho kwedrowa ye-app, indlela izaziso eziboniswa ngayo kwaye zicwangciswe, okanye indlela yokuziphatha kwendlela emfutshane inokwahluka kangangokuba nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla iba nzima ngakumbi ukuba awuyiqhelanga.
Uhlaziyo lwenkqubo kunye nokuqhekeka: Umngeni omkhulu we-Android
Ingxaki engapheliyo ye-Android yi ukwahlulwa kwenguqulelo: Kukho amakhulu eemodeli ezineenguqulelo ezahlukeneyo kwaye ayizizo zonke ezifumana uhlaziyo lwamva nje ngexesha. Ukwenza umntu sesinye sezizathu zolu libaziseko., njengoko umenzi ngamnye kufuneka alungelelanise umaleko wabo kwinguqulelo entsha, ebambezela ukuthunyelwa nakwiimodeli ezibizayo. Kuphela iiPixels (kunye ne-Nexus ngaphambili) zihlala zifumana uhlaziyo lwamva nje ngexesha.
Iiprojekthi ezinje Android One I-Android Go yazama ukuzisa amava "acocekileyo" kunye nohlaziyo olukhawulezayo kuluntu jikelele, kodwa ngaphandle kwezinto ezimbalwa (ezinye iimveliso zeNokia okanye i-Xiaomi ye-Mi A), abakhange bathabathe abasebenzisi. Umkhwa kukuba kuphela iibrendi ezigxile kwisoftware ecocekileyo, eyenziwe kakuhle ekwaziyo ukuyigcina.
Ngaba umaleko wokwenza ngokwezifiso unokususwa?
Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba bangayiguqula na ifowuni yabo yesikhumba ibe yi "Pixel" besebenzisa i-Android ecacileyo. Ngokobuchwephesha, inokwenzeka nge-rooting, kodwa inzima kakhulu. iinkqubo ezinzima kunye nomngcipheko (ukuvula i-bootloader, ukulahleka kwewaranti, imiba enokwenzeka yokuhambelana kunye nee-apps zebhanki okanye iinkonzo zokusasaza, umngcipheko wokwenza izitena isixhobo, njl.).
Eyona ndlela ilula ye "coca" inkqubo es faka isiqalisi njengeNova Launcher okanye iAction Launcher. Ngelixa bengatshintshi ulusu, bavumela amava asondele kakhulu kwisitokhwe se-Android ngokubonakalayo nangokumalunga nombutho.
Zeziphi iibrendi ezibhejayo kwi-Android ecocekileyo ngo-2025?
Okwangoku, iGoogle (iPixel), iNokia, kunye neMotorola (enotshintsho oluncinci kakhulu) basakholelwa kumava "esitokhwe". Ifowuni ebalulekileyo yayiluphawu kodwa sele yanyamalala. Ezinye iibhrendi, ngaphandle kwezinto ezimbalwa ezikhethekileyo, ziphantse zayishiya ngokupheleleyo isoftware esulungekileyo ukuze zikhethe ukwahlula ngokwamanqanaba.
