Ukuba wakha wazibuza ukuba kutheni ifowuni yakho ihlala ikwazisa ukuba kukho umntu okuthumelele umyalezo okanye ukuba kukho isaphulelo esimangalisayo kwivenkile yakho oyithandayo, impendulo ihlala ikwizaziso ezikhawulezayo. Ukusebenzisa le nkqubo kunokubonakala kunzima ekuqaleni, kodwa nge iFirebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) Le nkqubo iba lula ukuyigaya, nto leyo esivumela ukuba siqhagamshele iseva yethu kwisixhobo somsebenzisi ngaphandle kweengxaki ezigqithisileyo.
Ngale ndlela, i-FCM ayisosixhobo se-Android kuphela; liqonga elisebenzisekayo elifikelela Iiprojekthi ze-iOS, iibrowser zewebhu, kunye ne-UnityNgokusisiseko, isebenza njengebhulorho ethutha ulwazi ukusuka kwilifu ukuya kwisikrini somthengi, nokuba ngemiyalezo yesaziso eboniswa yinkqubo ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ngemiyalezo yedatha esiyilawula ngekhowudi ukwenza izinto ezenzelwe wena ngakumbi.
Uyilo kunye nokusebenza kwe-FCM
Ukuze konke oku kusebenze, sidinga iziqwenga ezibini ezisisiseko. Kwelinye icala, indawo yokuthembanaLe inokuba yiseva eyenzelwe wena okanye iFirebase Cloud Functions, enoxanduva lokubhala umyalezo kwaye igqibe ukuba ithunyelwe kubani. Kwelinye icala, sinayo usetyenziso lomthengi (i-Android, i-iOS okanye iWebhu) enoxanduva lokufumana iphakheji nokuyibonisa kumsebenzisi wokugqibela.
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthumela le miyalezo. Singasebenzisa firebase console Kwiiphulo zokuthengisa ezikhawulezayo, i-Firebase Admin SDK ibonelela ngolawulo olupheleleyo lwecala leseva, okanye neprotocol ye-HTTP kwizicelo ezithe ngqo ngakumbi. Ukwahlulahlula yindawo enamandla, njengoko sinokuthumela izilumkiso ku izixhobo ezizodwa, yenza amaqela athile okanye usebenzise imixholo ukuze abasebenzisi babhalisele umxholo othile.
Ukuphunyezwa kweNyathelo ngeNyathelo kwi-Android
Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni wakhe oku kwi-Android, inyathelo lokuqala kukudala iprojekthi kwi-Firebase console kwaye ubhalise usetyenziso lwakho ngegama lephakheji elichanekileyo. Ungalibali ukukhuphela ifayile. iinkonzo zikaGoogle.json uze uyifake kwifolda ye-app yeprojekthi yakho, kuba ngaphandle kwayo i-app ayizukwazi ukuba yeyiphi iprojekthi ye-Firebase ekufuneka ithethe nayo.
Okulandelayo, isiseko kufuneka sibekwe kwikhowudi. Ukongeza izinto ezixhomekeke kuzo kubalulekile. imiyalezo ye-firebase kwifayile ye-build.gradle kwaye wenze iklasi efumana ilifa kwi-FirebaseMessagingService, kulandela i Amanyathelo okuphuhlisa usetyenziso lwe-AndroidKule klasi, indlela kwiMessageReceived Kulapho umlingo wenzeka khona: kulapho sibamba khona umyalezo size sigqibe ukuba siza kubonisa njani isaziso.
- Iitshaneli zesaziso: Kwiinguqulelo ze-Android O nakwezilandelayo, ukudala iNotificationChannel kuyimfuneko; kungenjalo, isaziso asiyi kuvela.
- Ithokheni yoBhaliso: Isixhobo ngasinye sinethokheni eyahlukileyo. Ukubamba le tokheni usebenzisa le ndlela kubalulekile. kwiNewToken size siyithumele kwiseva yethu ukuze sikwazi ukuchonga umsebenzisi kamva.
- Uqwalaselo lweManifest: Simele sibhengeze inkonzo kwi-AndroidManifest.xml kunye ne-intent-filter ehambelana ne com.google.firebase.MESSAGING_EVENT.
Ukusasazwa kwiindawo zeWebhu
Ukuseta izaziso ze-push kwiwebhusayithi kunzima kancinci. Okokuqala, iwebhusayithi kufuneka isebenze phantsi [kweqonga/iqonga elifanelekileyo]. Umgaqo-nkqubo we-HTTPSUkongeza, sidinga ifayile ebizwa ngokuba yi ukubonakalisa.json kwingcambu yedomeyini equka i-gcm_sender_id ukuze isikhangeli siqaphele inkonzo.
Into ephambili apha yile Umsebenzi weNkonzoIfayile yeJavaScript (edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-firebase-messaging-sw.js) isebenza ngasemva. Le fayile inoxanduva lokufumana isaziso nokuba umsebenzisi uvale ithebhu. Ukuze oku kusebenze, kufuneka siqale sisebenzise ikhowudi ye isiceloImvume() ukuze umsebenzisi asinike imvume yakhe aze asinike ithokheni yakhe yokubhalisa.
Ulawulo lweSeva kunye neBackend
Nje ukuba ithokheni yesixhobo igcinwe kwisiseko sethu sedatha (umzekelo, ukusebenzisa I-Laravel okanye i-PHP), singenza izaziso zisebenze. Ukuba sisebenzisa i-REST API, kufuneka sithumele isicelo se-POST kwiindawo zokugqibela zikaGoogle kunye iqhosha leseva kwisihloko sogunyaziso.
Ukuba sisebenzisa i-PHP, singasebenzisa i-cURL ukuthumela umthwalo we-JSON oqulethe isihloko, umzimba womyalezo, kunye nethokheni yomamkeli. Ukuze kubekho udibaniso oluqinileyo, kukho izixhobo zokwenza usetyenziso lwe-android kunye neenkonzo zasemva ezenza kube lula le nkqubo, nto leyo esivumela ukuba Thumela imiyalezo eninzi kubo bonke abasebenzisi abanethokheni esebenzayo ebhalisiweyo kwisiseko sedatha ngefowuni enye.
Iindlela eziPhambili: IiHubs zeZaziso zeAzure
Ngamanye amaxesha, kwiiprojekthi zoshishino ezinkulu kakhulu, ukhetho olukhethiweyo kukuba Azure Notification HubsLe nkonzo isebenza njengomqokeleli, iququzelela ukuhanjiswa kwiiplatifomu ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Kule nkqubo, i-Azure ilawula ukubhaliswa kweethokheni ze-FCM kwaye ilungelelanise ukuhanjiswa, nto leyo esinyanzela ukuba silungiselele Isitshixo seseva ye-Firebase ngaphakathi kwi-portal ye-Azure ukuze zombini iinkqubo ziqondane ngokugqibeleleyo.
Ukuze oku kusebenze kwi-Android, Inkonzo yoBhaliso elayisha ngokuzenzekelayo ithokheni yeFCM kwi-Azure Hub. Luluhlu olongezelelweyo lolawulo oluluncedo kakhulu xa uphatha imithamo emikhulu yabasebenzisi kwaye ufuna ukufaka imiyalezo kwindawo enye kwilifu leMicrosoft.
Ukwazi kakuhle inkqubo ye-Firebase Cloud Messaging kubandakanya ukulungelelanisa uqwalaselo lwe-console, ukusasazwa kwenkonzo ecaleni komthengi, kunye nolawulo lwethokheni kwicala leseva. Nokuba kukuseta uMsebenzi weNkonzo kwiwebhu, ukuchaza iindlela zesaziso kwi-Android, okanye ukudibanisa i-backend ne-PHP okanye i-Azure, isitshixo sikukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuqinisekiswa kunye nokuhamba kobhaliso ukuhamba kwethokheni kuyaguquguquka ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi luhlala lufikelela apho lusiya khona.