Ukusetyenziswa kweefowuni eziphathwayo kuye kwaba yinto ephambili kubomi bethu bedijithali: namhlanje, Sichitha malunga ne-80% yexesha lethu kwi-intanethi siphethe ii-smartphone zethuOlu tshintsho lukhulu kwimikhwa yabathengi luye lwanyanzela iinkampani ukuba zicinge ngokutsha ngokupheleleyo ngemodeli yazo yeshishini kunye nendlela eziphuhlisa ngayo iimveliso zedijithali. Akusanele ukuba ne-app elungileyo okanye i-backend eqinileyo: ngoku kubalulekile ukubeka phambili ukuhambahamba, ukusebenza, kunye namava omsebenzisi nanini na, naphi na.
Uninzi lwaloo mzamo lugxile indlela esigcina, silawula, kwaye sisebenzisa ngayo idatha eyenziwe ngabasebenzisi Xa abasebenzisi benxibelelana nezicelo zethu zeselfowuni, ukucofa ngakunye, ukubhukisha ngakunye, umyalezo ngamnye, okanye itikiti ngalinye livelisa ulwazi olumele lugcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo, lufumaneke, kwaye luvunyelaniswe kuzo zonke izixhobo. Kulapho ke iidathabheyisi zeSQL kunye neNoSQL zisebenza khona, kunye nesizukulwana esitsha sezixhobo kunye neeapps zokuzilawula xa useluhambeni.
Umngeni wokulawula idatha kwiindawo eziphathwayo
Xa singena kwihlabathi lee-apps zolawulo lwedathabheyisi, ngoko nangoko sidibana nenyani: ezona platform zixhaphakileyo zeselula (i-iOS, i-Android okanye i-Windows Phone) Bazisa izixhobo ezenzelwe ukuyila nokusebenzisa usetyenziso, kodwa izisombululo zabo zokugcina izinto azisoloko zitshintsha ngesantya esifanayo neso silindelekileyo kwimarike nakubasebenzisi.
Kwenzeka into efanayo nakwi ubuchwepheshe obuxutyiweyo obusekelwe kwi-HTML5, njenge-Apache Cordova okanye i-PhoneGap, kunye nezicwangciso ezifana ne ionic 3Iinkqubo zabo zokugcina idatha zasekuhlaleni—ezidla ngokukhawulelwa kwi-SQLite okanye iindlela ezilula zokuqhubeka—zinyanzela abaphuhlisi ukuba bagcine ulawulo lwedatha olusebenzayo kakhulu, beyila ukuvumelanisa ngesandla, ulawulo lwenguqulelo, kunye neenkqubo zokusombulula iingxabano. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi kwaye kube lixesha elingakumbi lophuhliso ukuze kufezekiswe into umsebenzisi ayithatha lula: ukuba idatha yakhe ikhona kwaye isebenza ngokuchanekileyo.
Ngaphezu koko, indlela abantu abaziphethe ngayo itshintshe kakhulu. Ngoku linda Yonwabela usetyenziso nokuba ungenalo uqhagamshelo lwe-intanethiUfuna ukuyivula kwinqwelo-moya, kwisitimela esingaphantsi komhlaba, okanye embindini weentaba aze aqhubeke nokufikelela nokulungisa ulwazi ngokungathi akukho nto iphosakeleyo. Indlela yendabuko yobuchwepheshe beselula ibikukujonga imeko yenethiwekhi kunye nokuvula okanye ukucima imisebenzi kuxhomekeke ekubeni kukho unxibelelwano okanye akunjalo, ukubonisa imiyalezo yempazamo okanye ukuvala izenzo xa singakwazi ukufikelela kwiseva.
Ukuba ucinga ngayo, kuya kuba kuhle ukuba netekhnoloji efana kakhulu neyasetyenziswa ngu... iinkonzo ze-backend kunye needathabheyisi ezisecaleni lesevaefihla bonke ubunzima bokunxibelelana kwesixhobo kwaye inika imodeli yedatha ehambelanayo kwi-intanethi nangaphandle kwe-intanethi. Kulapho kanye ezinye izisombululo ze-NoSQL zikhanya khona ngokwenene, kwaye ngakumbi, apho i-Couchbase inika isindululo esinomdla kakhulu nge-Couchbase Mobile.
I-Couchbase Mobile: ukuvumelanisa idatha ngaphandle kweengxaki
ICouchbase iphendule kule ngxaki ngokuqalisa I-Couchbase Mobile, iseti yezixhobo ezenzelwe ukugcina ulwazi luhambelana phakathi kwezixhobo eziphathwayo kunye neeseva ngendlela elula, ezenzekelayo necacileyo kakhulu kumphuhlisi.
Isixhobo esiphathwayo sisebenzisa inguqulelo encinci kodwa enamandla kakhulu yenjini yedatha, ebizwa ngokuba yi I-Couchbase LiteNangona ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Lite," ayisosisombululo silinganiselweyo: ikuvumela ukuba wenze imisebenzi eqhelekileyo ye-CRUD (Yenza, Funda, Hlaziya, Cima), usebenze ngeembono eziphambili kunye nee-indexes, kwaye usebenzise neenkqubo zeMapReduce. Ngamanye amazwi, phantse unayo yonke into oyifunayo. amandla esiseko sedatha esipheleleyo seNoSQL entendeni yesandla sakho.
Imisebenzi yenziwa ngokuthe ngqo kwiseti yedatha egcinwe kwindawo, ukusebenzisa amandla okucubungula eefowuni eziphathwayo kunye neetablethi zanamhlanje ngokupheleleyoOku kunesiphumo esibalulekileyo kumava omsebenzisi: i-app ingabonisa, ihluze, ihlele, okanye iguqule idatha ngoko nangoko, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba iseva iphendule okanye ibonise ii-icon ezingapheliyo "zokulayisha". Umsebenzisi unekopi yamva nje yolwazi lwakhe kwisixhobo, kwaye ukuqonda ukugeleza kwamanzi kuphucuka kakhulu.
Ukuze kugcinwe ukuhambelana phakathi koko kwenzekayo kwisixhobo esiphathwayo noko kwenzeka kwiseva, iCouchbase ixhomekeke kwenye yeemveliso zayo, Isango lokuvumelanisaEli candelo lisebenza njengomlamli phakathi kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zabathengi kunye neSeva yeCouchbase ephakathi, kwaye linoxanduva lokulawula ukuvumelanisa amaxwebhu, iimvume, kunye neendlela zokusasazwa kwedatha.
Indlela yokuvumelanisa ulwazi ne-Sync Gateway
Ukuvumelanisa kwiCouchbase Mobile kuhlelwe yi imithetho echaziweyo kwiitshaneli kunye nezigunyaziso ngoxwebhu ngalunyeNgokwenyani, oku kuthetha ukuba singagqiba ukuba loluphi udidi lolwazi olufanele lufikelele kwisixhobo ngasinye ngokusekelwe kukhuseleko, ubulungu, okanye iindlela zokwahlulahlula, siphephe ukuthumela idatha engeyomfuneko.
Le ndlela ifezekisa, kwelinye icala, ukunciphisa ithrafikhi yedatha yeselulaOku kubaluleke kakhulu kwisipaji somsebenzisi nakwindlela esebenza ngayo i-app; kwaye, kwelinye icala, kuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo ngasinye sifumana kuphela ulwazi esilufaneleyo. Uxwebhu ngalunye luqhagamshelwe kumsebenzisi okanye kwiqela labasebenzisi, kwaye imithetho yeSync Gateway iqinisekisa ukuba akukho sixhobo sibona idatha esingafanele siyibone.
Enye yezona zinto zinamandla kolu lwakhiwo loyilo kukuba ukuqhelaniswa neplatformI-Couchbase Lite ifumaneka ngokwendalo kwi-iOS, Android, kunye ne-.NET, kwaye ingadibaniswa namaqonga axutyiweyo afana ne-PhoneGap (Apache Cordova) okanye iiframeworks zamaqonga ahlukeneyo ezifana ne- FlutterNgaphezu koko, kunokwenzeka ngokugqibeleleyo ukusebenzisa iCouchbase Lite ngaphandle kweSync Gateway, isebenza kuphela ngedatha yendawo yesixhobo, nto leyo eluncedo kakhulu kwii-apps ezingadingi ukuvumelanisa nge-backend ephakathi.
Kwezo meko, umphuhlisi angakhetha iCouchbase Lite endaweni yokubhenela kwi I-SQLite okanye ezinye izisombululo zokugcina ezilula ezihlala zisilela xa usetyenziso lukhula ekusebenzeni, umthamo wedatha, okanye ubunzima bombuzo. Ukuba nenjini yeNoSQL evuthiweyo kwindawo kuvula ithuba leemodeli zedatha eziguquguqukayo ngakumbi kunye nophuhliso lwemveliso olungenakuphazamisa kakhulu.
Imizekelo yokusebenzisa iidathabheyisi kwizicelo zeselfowuni
Ukuze uqonde ngcono iingenelo zezi zixhobo, kuyanceda ukucinga ngemeko yokwenyani. I-app yokuhamba ebeka phakathi onke amatikiti akho, ukubhukisha iihotele, kunye namatikiti eenqwelo-moya.Kuyavakala ukuba ungathanda ukufikelela kolo lwazi ngelixa usesikhumulweni seenqwelo-moya, kuloliwe, okanye xa ufika kwindawo oya kuyo, rhoqo ngaphandle konxibelelwano lwedatha oluzinzileyo.
Ngesisombululo esifana neCouchbase Mobile, umsebenzisi unokuba Lonke ulwazi lwakho lokuhamba luyafumaneka ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuba kwi-intanethiLe app ingabonisa ulwazi ngeenqwelomoya, iishedyuli zoololiwe, ukubhukisha iihotele, iindlela zesixeko, kunye neendlela zokubuka iindawo. Kwaye ayijongi nje izinto: ungaphawula neenqwelomoya ezigqityiweyo, iindawo ezityelelweyo, okanye ukubhukisha okurhoxisiweyo, konke ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwinethiwekhi. Xa isixhobo sakho siphinda sifumane uqhagamshelo, utshintsho luya kuvumelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ngaphandle kokungenelela.
Enye imeko echazayo kakhulu yile yezicelo ezine iindawo ezinomdla ezisasazwe ngokwendawo (ii-POI)Ukuba sitshintsha ii-POI ngePokémon okanye iiPokeStations, umzekelo uba yinto eqhelekileyo nangakumbi: kolu hlobo lwemidlalo okanye ii-apps ze-geolocation, kufuneka sibonise umsebenzisi ukuba zeziphi izinto ezikufutshane, indlela ezihlaziywa ngayo, kunye namanyathelo anokuwathatha kuzo, rhoqo ngaphandle kokufuna ukuxhomekeka kwifowuni yeseva rhoqo ngomzuzwana.
Indlela yendabuko yokusombulula oku idla ngokubandakanya iindlela zokuvota okanye zokumamela ezisebenzayoKwezi meko, umthengi ucela ulwazi rhoqo okanye agcine unxibelelwano oluvulekileyo ukuze afumane uhlaziyo. Le ndlela ifuna uyilo oluntsonkothileyo ngakumbi, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zeseva ezinkulu, kunye nenkqubo ebuthathaka ngakumbi. Ngokusebenzisa iSync Gateway kunye ne-mobile NoSQL engine, lo msebenzi udluliselwa kwisisombululo sokuvumelanisa, nto leyo enciphisa inani lekhowudi yesiko ekufuneka ibhalwe liqela lophuhliso.
Iingenelo zale modeli zininzi: Uphuculo olukhulu kumava omsebenzisi, ukuncipha kokusetyenziswa kwedatha yeselula, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamaqela asemva kunye namaqela eselula, kunye nokufumaneka kumaqonga amaninziNangona iCouchbase Mobile ingeyiyo imveliso ephambili yorhwebo yeCouchbase, inika iingenelo ezicacileyo kwiintlobo ezithile zeeprojekthi ezigxile kumava omsebenzisi weselula kunye nokufikelela kwedatha ngokufanelekileyo.
Abaphathi be-SQL yeShishini kwiindawo ezifuna kakhulu
Xa sisiya kwicala lemveli lehlabathi ledathabheyisi, izisombululo ze-SQL zihlala zisisiseko, ingakumbi kwiimeko zeshishini. Kule ndawo, iinguqulelo ze-Enterprise kunye ne-Enterprise Plus ze I-PostgreSQL, i-MySQL kunye ne-SQL Server Zibonelela ngokufumaneka okuphambili, ukusebenza, ukwandiswa, kunye namandla okukhusela idatha abalulekileyo kwiinkonzo ekufuneka zihlale zisebenza.
Kwimeko I-PostgreSQL Enterprise PlusUphuculo oluthile olujolise ekufumanekeni okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle lufakiwe. Sithetha ngezivumelwano zenqanaba lenkonzo (ii-SLA) eziqinisekisa Ukufumaneka kwe-99,99%Akukho xesha lide lokungasebenzi, ulungelelwaniso lwehardware kunye nesoftware olulungiselelwe kakuhle, kunye neenkqubo zokugcina idatha ezikrelekrele ezenzelwe imisebenzi enzima yokufunda. Ikwabandakanya ukhetho lokugcina idatha olucwangcisiweyo kunye nokugcinwa kwedatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezingama-35, okubalulekileyo ekuhlolweni, ukulandelelwa, kunye nokubuyiselwa kweziganeko.
Kwihlabathi le I-MySQL Enterprise PlusLe ndlela iyafana. Olu hlelo lukwabonelela nge-SLA ye Ukufumaneka kwe-99,99%Ulondolozo oluncinci ngexesha lokungasebenzi kunye noqwalaselo oluphuculweyo ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwehardware esisiseko. Idibanisa iinkqubo zokugcinwa kwedatha ezikrelekrele zemisebenzi yentengiselwano efundekayo, inikezela ngee-cache ezinokucwangciswa, iintsuku ezingama-35 zokugcina ii-log, kwaye, okubaluleke kakhulu, iimpawu zokungaphumeleli eziphambili ezifana nokusilela kunye nokubuyiselwa okucwangcisiweyo, okunciphisa impembelelo yeziganeko ezinzulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, I-SQL Server Enterprise Plus Ikwagxila ekufumanekeni rhoqo kunye nokuphendula iimpazamo. Ibonelela ngee-SLA ze Ukufumaneka kwe-99,99%, iintsapho ezimbini zeemashini ezibonakalayo (ezilungiselelwe ukusebenza okanye imemori), i-data cache enokulungiswa ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kweenkqubo zokufunda ezinzulu kunye neendlela zokusilela eziphambili, kubandakanya ukusilela kunye nokulungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukugcina inkonzo isebenza nokuba kukho ukuphazamiseka okukhulu.
Yintoni inkqubo yolawulo lwedathabheyisi (i-DBMS)?
Ngaphambi kokuba siqhubeke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula kanye into esithetha ngayo xa sithi inkqubo yolawulo lwedathabheyisi okanye i-DBMSLe yinkqubo yesoftware ekuvumela ukuba wenze, ulawule kwaye ulawule iidathabheyisi, uchaze izakhiwo ezifunekayo zokugcina, ukubuza kunye nokuguqula ulwazi ngeyona ndlela isebenzayo.
Okwangoku, kukho iindidi ezininzi ze-DBMS, ezihlala zihlelwa ngokwendlela ezigcina kwaye zihlela ngayo idatha. Iintsapho ezimbini eziphambili zezi iinkqubo zolawulo lobudlelwane (SQL) kunye iinkqubo zolawulo lwedathabheyisi ezingezizo ezobudlelwane (i-NoSQL)Udidi ngalunye luphendula kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zokusetyenziswa, kwaye ukhetho olufanelekileyo luxhomekeke kwimodeli yedatha kunye nobungakanani bolwazi, imibuzo ekufuneka yenziwe kunye neemfuno zokufumaneka.
Iinkqubo eziphambili zolawulo lwedathabheyisi yobudlelwane (SQL)
Iinkqubo zolawulo lwedathabheyisi yolwalamano bezikho ukususela ngeminyaka yoo-70 kwaye, nangona ziguquke kakhulu, zisasebenza. umgangatho ofanelekileyo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zoshishino, zemali, nezeenkampaniImodeli yayo isekelwe kwiitafile ezinxulumeneyo ngokusebenzisa izitshixo, apho itafile nganye iqokelela iseti yeerekhodi (imigca) ezineempawu (iikholamu).
MySQL
MySQL Mhlawumbi yeyona nkqubo yolawulo lwedathabheyisi eyaziwayo kakhulu kwindawo yewebhu kwaye yenye yemizekelo ecacileyo xa kuxoxwa nge-SQL. Yi-DBMS enemisonto emininzi kunye nabasebenzisi abaninzi, exhaphake kakhulu kwiiwebhusayithi kunye nezicelo ezenziwe ngesoftware evulelekileyo.
Isasazwa phantsi kwelayisenisi. GNU GPLNangona kunjalo, ukusukela oko yathengwa yi-Oracle, iilayisenisi zorhwebo ezijolise kwimeko yeshishini kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwiimveliso ezizimeleyo nazo ziyabonelelwa. Phakathi kweenzuzo zayo eziphambili kukho... ukusebenziseka lula, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokulula kokufakwa kunye noqwalaselo, inkxaso yayo yamaqonga amaninzi kunye nokuhambelana kwayo noqhagamshelo olukhuselekileyo nge-SSL.
Kwelinye icala, enye yezinto ezibuthathaka zayo zemveli ibe ukukwazi ukukhulisa ulwazi kwiidathabheyisi ezinkulu kakhuluNangona iye yaphucuka ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye kukho iindlela eziphambili kunye noqwalaselo, kwiimeko ezithile ezinomthamo omkhulu okanye ezihambelana kakhulu nemali, isenokungasebenzi kakuhle njengezinye iindlela ezenzelwe ngokukodwa umthwalo wemisebenzi enzima.
MariaDB
MariaDB Yaqala njengefolokhwe yeMySQL xa i-Oracle yafumana ulawulo lwe-last, ngenjongo yokugcina ifilosofi yomthombo ovulekileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ihambelana kakhulu ne-MySQL kwaye, ngaphezu koko, Yongeza iinjini zokugcina ezongezelelweyo, ukuphuculwa kokukhula, kunye nolwandiso oluyilelwe ukudibanisa neemodeli zeNoSQL..
Phakathi kweempawu zayo ezibalaseleyo sifumana Ukwanda kweenjini zokugcina izinto ezikhoyo, ukhuseleko kunye nesantya kwiintengiselwanoIingenelo ziquka ukulungelelaniswa okungcono kwiindlela ezithile zokucwangcisa kunye neempawu ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwayo kunye needathabheyisi zeNoSQL. Iingxaki azibalulekanga kangako, nangona kusenokubakho ukungangqinelani okuncinci ngexesha leenkqubo zokufuduka phakathi kweMariaDB kunye neMySQL kunye nokulibaziseka ngamanye amaxesha ekukhutshweni kweenguqulelo ezizinzileyo ngokupheleleyo.
SQLite
SQLite Yimeko ekhethekileyo kwihlabathi le-SQL. Ngaphezu kokuba yi-DBMS yesiqhelo esecaleni leseva, yilayibrari ebhalwe ngo-C esebenzisa injini yedathabheyisi edibeneyo. akukho mfuneko yeseva okanye uqwalaselo oluntsonkothileyoYiyo loo nto ithandwa kakhulu kwii-desktop, ii-mobile, kunye ne-embedded applications.
Amandla ayo ngawo ubungakanani obuncinci kakhulu, ukuthobela iimpawu ze-ACID (i-Atomicity, i-Consistency, i-Insulation kunye ne-Durability) eziqinisekisa uzinzo kwintengiselwano, kwaye zibonelela ngokuphatheka kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwiimeko eziphakathi. Ilungele ii-apps ezifuna isiseko sedatha esilula esilula ukusisebenzisa kwaye sisebenza phantse naphi na.
Umda wayo omkhulu, kwakhona, kukuba ukusabalalaI-SQLite ayenzelwanga ukuphatha iidathabheyisi ezinkulu okanye inani elikhulu lonxibelelwano ngaxeshanye. Kwiindawo ezinzima kakhulu okanye ezisasazekileyo, isenokungabi luncedo kwaye ifune ukuphuculwa iye kwiseva yedathabheyisi enamandla ngakumbi.
PostgreSQL
PostgreSQL Yi-DBMS enxulumene nezinto, ekhutshwe phantsi kwelayisenisi efana ne-BSD, eye yafumana udumo njengenye yeenkqubo zolawulo lwedathabheyisi eziqinileyo, ezizinzileyo, neziphambili kwi-ecosystem evulelekileyo. Idibanisa iimpawu ezinamandla kakhulu, ezinje... ulawulo lwe-concurrency ye-multiversion (MVCC)evumela ukulawula iintengiselwano ezininzi ngaxeshanye ngaphandle kokuvimba ukufundwa, kunye nokuguquguquka okukhulu kwiilwimi zenkqubo ezinokusetyenziselwa ukuyandisa.
Yimaqonga amaninzi kunye neempawu izixhobo zolawulo ezipheleleyo, ezifana ne-pgAdminezinceda umsebenzi wemihla ngemihla kunye nolawulo lweendawo ezintsonkothileyo. Ibalasele ngokuqina kwayo, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nozinzo, ingakumbi xa kufikwa ekuphatheni idatha eninzi kunye nemibuzo enzima.
Njengengxaki, inokuba Isenokuba kancinci okanye ibe nzima kwiimeko ezineedathabheyisi ezincinci. apho ubunzima boyilo lwayo lungasetyenziswanga ngokupheleleyo. Ngokucacileyo ilungiselelwe iindawo ezinkulu, kwaye loo mandla abiza kancinci ngokulula nangokulula.
IMicrosoft SQL Server
IMicrosoft SQL Server Yinkqubo yolawulo lwedathabheyisi yobudlelwane ephambili kwi-Microsoft ecosystem. Ngokusekelwe kulwimi lwe-Transact-SQL, inokwenza ukuba idatha eninzi ifumaneke kubasebenzisi abaninzi ngaxeshanye, igxile kakhulu kwindawo yeshishini.
Iingenelo zayo ziquka Inkxaso ethe ngqo nekhethekileyo yeMicrosoft, ukwandiswa, uzinzo, kunye nokhuselekoInika amandla okurhoxisa imibuzo ngendlela elawulwayo kunye nendawo enamandla yolawulo lwemizobo eyenza ukusebenzisa imiyalelo ye-DDL kunye ne-DML kube lula, nakubasebenzisi abangenamava kangako. Nangona ekuqaleni yayifumaneka kwiWindows kuphela, ikwasetyenziswa nakwiLinux nakwiikhonteyina zeDocker kangangexesha elithile ngoku.
Owona mqobo uphambili yile ixabiso leelayisenisiKukho uhlelo lwasimahla (i-Express), kodwa kwiindawo zobungcali kuqhelekile ukusebenzisa iinguqulelo ezihlawulelwayo ezifana neStandard, Developer, Enterprise okanye iSQL Azure (uhlobo lwelifu), ezifuna utyalo-mali olukhulu.
oracle database
Oracle Kangangamashumi eminyaka, ibisoloko iyinkqubo yolawulo lwedatha ekhokelayo kwihlabathi leenkampani, eyaziwa ngokuba yenye yezona nkqubo zigqibeleleyo neziqinileyo kwimarike. Inika inkxaso yokuthengiselana ephucukileyo kunye nenkqubo uzinzo oluphezulu, ukwandiswa kunye nenkxaso yamaqonga amaninzi kwaye inenkqubo enkulu yezixhobo kunye nezisombululo ezijikeleze yona.
Ingongoma yayo ebuthathaka, njengeSQL Server, kukuba xabisoNangona kukho inguqulelo yasimahla (i-Express Edition okanye i-XE), ezona ndlela zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zoshishino ziyahlawulwa: i-Standard Edition, i-Standard Edition One, i-Standard Edition 2, i-Personal Edition, i-Lite Edition, kunye ne-Enterprise Edition, nganye ineempawu kunye nemida eyahlukileyo. Ukhetho ludla ngokuxhomekeka ekusebenzeni kombutho, ukufumaneka kwawo, kunye neemfuno zohlahlo-lwabiwo mali.
Iinkqubo zolawulo lwedathabheyisi yeNoSQL zobuninzi obuphezulu kunye nokufumaneka okuphezulu
Ngokwahlukileyo kwimodeli yobudlelwane yendabuko, Iinkcukacha zeNoSQL Bavele ukuze bajongane neemfuno apho izakhiwo eziqinileyo, ezisekelwe kwitafile zingafanelani kakuhle, okanye apho ukulinganiswa okuthe tye kwakuyeyona nto iphambili. Ngokubanzi, ii-database zeNoSQL:
Azifuni ii-schemas ezizinzileyo ezifana neetafile zobudlelwane, Abasoloko beqinisekisa ngokungqongqo zonke iimpawu ze-ACID (bakhetha ezinye iimodeli zokuvumelana) kwaye bakhula kakuhle kakhulu kwiindlela zokwakha ezisasaziweyo, apho kucutshungulwa khona idatha eninzi kwaye kufuneka ukufumaneka okuphezulu.
Ziluncedo ngakumbi kwiindawo ezisasazeke ngokweendawo, ngeenkonzo ezi Bamele bahlale bekhuthele kwaye baphathe ulwazi oluninzinjengeenethiwekhi zentlalo, iinkqubo ezinkulu zokurekhoda, uhlalutyo lwexesha langempela, okanye usetyenziso olunezigidi zabasebenzisi ngaxeshanye.
MongoDB
MongoDB Yenye yezona nkqubo zolawulo lwedatha yeNoSQL zidumileyo ehlabathini. Ijolise kumaxwebhu kwaye igcina idatha kwizakhiwo zeBSON (umfanekiso we-JSON ophindwe kabini). i-schema eguquguqukayo, enceda kakhulu ukuhlanganiswa kunye nophuhliso lwemodeli yedatha ixesha elidlulele.
Isetyenziswa ziinkampani eziphezulu ezifana neGoogle, Facebook, eBay, Cisco, kunye neAdobe, ngenxa yeempawu ezifana uqwalaselo oluphambili, ukuphindaphinda, ukulinganisela umthwaloIimpawu zayo eziphambili ziquka ukugcinwa kwefayile, imibuzo eguquguqukayo yexeshana, ukulinganiswa okuthe tye, kunye nohlobo lwayo oluvulelekileyo. Ivumela ukongeza ii-nodes ukusasaza umthwalo womsebenzi kunye nomthamo wedatha, ukugcina ukusebenza kwenkonzo kubanzi.
Ingxaki yayo ephambili ibonakala xa ifuneka iintengiselwano ezintsonkothileyo nezihambelanayo kakhulu kumaxwebhu amaninziNangona iMongoDB ibisoloko ifaka inkxaso epheleleyo yentengiselwano, ayikabi lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwizicelo apho ukuthembeka okungqongqo kobudlelwane kubalulekile.
Redis
Redis Yinkqubo yolawulo lwedathabheyisi yeNoSQL ejolise kwizakhiwo zexabiso eliphambili kwaye igxile kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwememori. Singacinga ukuba i-vector enkulu apho kugcinwa khona imitya, ii-hashes, uluhlu kunye nezinye iintlobo zedathangamaxesha okuphendula aphantsi kakhulu.
Ukusetyenziswa kwayo okuphambili ngu ukugcinwa kweenkcukacha kunye nolawulo lweseshoniIkwasetyenziselwa ukumisa umqolo, iinkqubo zemiyalezo ezilula, kunye nezinye iipateni zesantya esiphezulu. Ezona mpawu zayo zibalulekileyo ziquka i-atomicity enokulungiselelwa kunye nokuqina, isantya esiphezulu sokusebenza, ukusebenziseka lula, kunye nokuhambelana kwamaqonga ahlukeneyo.
Ngenxa yokuba igxile kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwimemori, iRedis ayisosisombululo esifanelekileyo njengoko isiseko sedatha esiphambili sazo zonke iimeko zokusetyenziswaNangona kunjalo, ihambelana kakuhle njengenkxaso kwizakhiwo zanamhlanje, iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwewebhu kunye nezicelo zeselula.
Cassandra
Apache cassandra Ngumphathi weNoSQL owaziwayo, osekwe kwimodeli yexabiso eliphambili, kodwa ojolise kwiindawo ezingqongileyo inokwandiswa kakhulu kwaye isasazweIinkampani ezifana ne-Facebook, i-Twitter, i-Instagram, i-Spotify, kunye ne-Netflix zisebenzisa i-Cassandra ukulawula inani elikhulu ledatha esasazwa kwiindawo ezininzi zedatha.
Inolwimi lwayo lombuzo, I-CQL (uLwimi lweCassandra Query)Ifana ngokwesintaksi ne-SQL kodwa ilungelelaniswe nemodeli yayo yangaphakathi. Iingenelo zayo ziquka ukuhambelana kweqonga elihambayo, ukukala okuthe tye kunye nokuthe tye njengoko kufakwa ama-node, uyilo lwayo lwe-peer-to-peer (ngaphandle kwendawo enye ephakathi), kunye nokujoliswa kwayo kwiindawo ezisasazeke kakhulu.
Olu yilo lwenza ukuba ilungele izicelo ezingakwaziyo ukuhlawula ixesha lokungasebenzi okanye ukulahlekelwa kukufumaneka kwazoKodwa ikwafuna ukuqonda kakuhle iimpawu zayo ukuze ibonise idatha ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ifumane ukusebenza okuphezulu.
Ukongeza kwezi zingentla, kukho nezinye ii-NoSQL DBMS ezininzi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu, ukusuka kwiidathabheyisi zegrafu ukuya kwiindawo zokugcina iikholamu ezibanzi, ezigubungela iimfuno ezithile kuhlalutyo, iingcebiso, iinethiwekhi zentlalo, okanye iinjini zokukhangela.
Indlela yokukhetha umphathi wedatha ofanelekileyo kwi-app yakho yeselula
Njengoko kukho iindlela ezininzi etafileni, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuzibuza ukuba ungayikhetha njani I-DBMS efanelekileyo yesicelo esifuna ukulawula i-SQL kunye/okanye i-NoSQL kwindawo yeselulaAkukho mpendulo inye, kodwa kukho izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngononophelo ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isigqibo.
Into yokuqala kukufunda ngokweenkcukacha loluphi uhlobo lwedatha oza kulugcina kwaye kufuneka ululawule njani: nokuba imodeli icwangciswe kakuhle kwaye inobudlelwane okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, iguquguquka kwaye iyatshintsha; nokuba kufuneka ukuthembeka okuqinileyo kwentengiselwano okanye ukuhambelana ekugqibeleni kunokwamkelwa; nokuba imibuzo inzima kakhulu okanye ilula kodwa ixhaphakile.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuxabisa umthamo wolwazi, uhlobo lwemibuzo, kunye nephethini yokufikelelaI-app encinci yangaphakathi enabasebenzisi abambalwa ayifani nenkonzo yehlabathi enezigidi zezixhobo eziqhagamshelweyo. Kulapho zombini iidathabheyisi ze-SQL zemveli (MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQL Server, Oracle, njl.njl.) kunye needathabheyisi zeNoSQL (MongoDB, Redis, Cassandra, njl.njl.) zisebenza khona, kunye nezisombululo ezithile zokuvumelanisa kunye nokugcina izinto zasekuhlaleni ezifana neCouchbase Mobile okanye iSQLite kwicala labathengi.
Okokugqibela, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela Utyalo-mali kwezoqoqosho, amava eqela, kunye neemfuno zokuhambahamba kunye nokungasebenzi kwi-intanethiNgamanye amaxesha, imveliso evulelekileyo enoluntu olusebenzayo kakhulu kunye nezixhobo ezivuthiweyo iya kuba lolona khetho lubalaseleyo; ngamanye amaxesha, inkonzo yeshishini ene-99,99% SLA, inkxaso esemthethweni, kunye nokufumaneka okuphezulu okuphezulu kunye neempawu zokusilela ziya kuba yimfuneko.
Ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo ezi zinto kuvumela indibaniselwano ekrelekrele yeenkqubo zolawulo lwedatha ye-SQL kunye ne-NoSQL, kunye neetekhnoloji ezifana neCouchbase Mobile, ukwakha usetyenziso lweselula olubonelela ngamava akhawulezayo, athembekileyo, nafumanekayo kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ukusuka kumbuzo olula ongaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi ukuya kungqamaniso lwezigidi zeengongoma zedatha phakathi kweeseva kunye nezixhobo ezisasazwa kwihlabathi liphela. Yabelana ngesi sikhokelo ukuze abantu abaninzi bakwazi ukufunda ngesi sihloko.